WHAT İS İSLAM?
Islam, which literally means salvation, surrender, submission, is generally the first created human being and the first Prophet Adam. It is the common name of all religions sent by Almighty Allah, Who created everything since Adam, to help people on earth reach the truth. In a special sense, It is the name of the last religion taht was revealed by Allah to the last prophet Hz. Muhammad (ﷺ peace be upon him) and is valid until the Day of Judgment. The basic principle of Islam is to accept the existence and unity of Allah and to obey the orders and prohibitions of one’s own will, without any coercion. The Prophet of Islam is the Prophet Hz. Muhammad (ﷺ peace be upon him) and his book is the Qur’an.
ISLAM WITH HADITH
While we were one day sitting with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) there appeared before us a man dressed in extremely white clothes and with very black hair. No traces of journeying were visible on him, and none of us knew him. He sat down close by the Prophet (ﷺ) rested his knees against the knees of the Prophet (ﷺ) and placed his palms over his thighs, and said:
“O Muhammad! Inform me about Islam.”
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) replied:
“Islam is that you should testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is His Messenger (ﷺ), that you should perform salah (ritual prayer), pay the zakah, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (the Ka`bah at Makkah), if you can find a way to it (or find the means for making the journey to it).”
He said: “You have spoken the truth.”
We were astonished at his thus questioning him (ﷺ) and then telling him that he was right, but he went on to say,
“Inform me about Iman (faith).”
He (the Prophet) answered,
“It is that you believe in Allah and His angels and His Books and His Messengers and in the Last Day, and in fate (qadar), both in its good and in its evil aspects.”
He said, “You have spoken the truth.”
Then he (the man) said, “Inform me about Ihsan.”
He (the Prophet) answered,
“It is that you should serve Allah as though you could see Him, for though you cannot see Him yet He sees you.”
He said, “Inform me about the Hour.”
He (the Prophet) said, “About that the one questioned knows no more than the questioner.”
So he said, “Well, inform me about its signs.”
He said, “They are that the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress and that you will see the barefooted ones, the naked, the destitute, the herdsmen of the sheep (competing with each other) in raising lofty buildings.”
Thereupon the man went off. I waited a while, and then he (the Prophet) said,
“O `Umar, do you know who that questioner was?”
I replied, “Allah and His Messenger know better.”
He said, “That was Jibril. He came to teach you your religion
(Müslim, Îmân 1, 5. Ayrıca bk. Buhârî, Îmân 37; Tirmizi Îmân 4; Ebû Dâvûd, Sünnet 16; Nesâi, Mevâkît 6. https://sunnah.com/nawawi40:2)
Translate: Ömer Cırık